Sinn Fein pushes Irish unity after winning 37 parliament seats

In the past, Fine Gael and Fianna Fail have denounced Sinn Fein for its historic ties to the IRA, but lawmakers now face the formidable task of uniting the fractured 160-member Parliament to form a new government in coming weeks. 

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Sinn Fein on Monday said it wanted a major role in Ireland's next government after a record election showing, a move that would raise its central goal of reunification with Northern Ireland near the top of the agenda in Dublin for the first time.

The left-wing Irish nationalist party stunned the establishment by beating the two center-right parties that have led every government in the country's history, almost doubling its vote share from the last election to 24.5%.

Sinn Fein's low number of candidates meant, however, that it got 37 seats in parliament, falling just short of the largest number of seats, behind the 38 garnered by center-right Fianna Fail. But for the first time Sinn Fein was above Prime Minister Leo Varadkar's Fine Gael, which fell to 35 seats.

The task of forming a government will be extremely complicated in a hugely fractured 160-seat parliament.

Successive surveys suggested the Sinn Fein surge was based almost exclusively on the major campaign issues of healthcare and the high cost and low availability of housing, with the idea of Irish unity barely registering with voters.

However the former political wing of the Irish Republican Army said ahead of the vote that a condition for any coalition would be immediate preparations for a referendum on unity with Northern Ireland, a British province, that it would push London to hold within five years.

"People want new politics and I believe Sinn Fein will be the core of that," Sinn Fein leader Mary Lou McDonald told reporters.

Both Fine Gael, which secured 20.9% of the vote, and Fianna Fail, with 22.2%, have insisted for years they would not govern with Sinn Fein, citing differing economic policies and its past links to the IRA. The militant group fought against British rule in Northern Ireland in a conflict in which some 3,600 people were killed before a 1998 peace deal.

Fine Gael repeated its insistence on Monday while Fianna Fail said it saw significant hurdles to such a tie-up. Fine Gael and Fianna Fail have themselves never formed a coalition together. Mr. Varadkar presided over a minority government.

"We certainly will engage with them [Sinn Fein]," Fianna Fail deputy leader Dara Calleary told national broadcaster RTE. "But let's be in no doubt that those policy difficulties and those principles are still difficult hurdles."

A combination of two of the three parties would also require the support of other lawmakers or smaller parties.

Ms. McDonald said she would first try to establish whether she could form a left-wing coalition without Fianna Fail or Fine Gael, an option analysts said was unrealistic. Senior colleague Eoin Ò Broin, also cast doubt on that, saying there would ultimately be negotiations between the three big parties.

Talks to form the last government in 2016 lasted 10 weeks.

Under the 1998 Good Friday deal that mostly ended decades of violence between Catholic nationalists seeking to merge Northern Ireland with Ireland and Protestant unionists who want it to remain part of the United Kingdom, Britain's minister for the region can call a referendum if a "yes" majority looks likely.

A vote would also be required in Ireland and an exit poll on Sunday showed 57% of voters backed holding one within five years. Eighty-one percent of Sinn Fein supporters want a poll, compared to 52% of Fianna Fail voters and 44% among Fine Gael.

In its election manifesto, Sinn Fein said it wanted to establish a parliamentary committee and citizens assembly to plan for Irish unity.

Ms. McDonald, whose party members sang Irish rebel songs and flew the Irish tricolor flag as candidate after candidate were elected on Sunday, believes Britain would only consider calling a poll when Ireland is pro-actively planning for unification.

Fianna Fail and Fine Gael also want to see the unification of the island – partitioned almost a century ago – but say now is not the time. Fianna Fail pledged in its manifesto to start some preparations, but nowhere near the level Sinn Fein wants.

"One quarter of the vote is hardly a stunning endorsement of the idea that there should be a border poll," Jeffrey Donaldson, a senior member of the pro-British Democratic Unionist Party, which shares power with Sinn Fein in Northern Ireland, told BBC.

This story was reported by Reuters. Amanda Ferguson in Belfast, Padraic Halpin, Mark Heinrich, and Lincoln Feast contributed to this report.