Bombing follows draft of US, Afghan security agreement

A suicide bombing killed at least one and injured dozens in Kabul Saturday, as US and Afghan leaders completed a draft of a Bilateral Security Agreement for US withdrawal from the country. The agreement must be approved by 3,000 elders, clerics, and parliamentarians.

A suicide vehicle bomb tore through the Afghan capital Saturday, killing at least one soldier securing a site where thousands of elders are to gather next week to discuss a controversial security agreement with the United States, officials said.

Authorities said they expected casualties to rise from the powerful blast, which mangled a dozen cars and destroyed shops nearby. Ambulances raced away with dozens of wounded from the site. Police could be seen collecting body parts.

The explosion came just hours after President Hamid Karzai announced that US and Afghan negotiators had finished a draft to be presented to the Loya Jirga, whom Kabul says must approve the document before Afghanistan signs it.

Another three soldiers were wounded when the explosive-laden vehicle rammed into their armored vehicle posted about 200 yards from the giant tent where the Loya Jirga is to be held, said Defense Ministery spokesman Gen. Mohammed Zahir Azimi.

Hashmat Stanikzai, spokesman for the police chief said he expected the casualty figures to increase.

No one has immediately taken responsibility but the blame is likely to fall on the Taliban, who have adamantly opposed the presence of any foreign soldiers in Afghanistan.

Karzai has called 3,000 elders, clerics, parliamentarians and other influential figures to debate the Bilateral Security Agreement, which would allow US troops to remain in Afghanistan after the final withdrawal of international combat troops at the end of 2014.

Without approval of the Loya Jirga, Afghanistan will likely refuse to sign the agreement, Karzai said. And if the Loya Jirga does approve it, the agreement still will require a final nod from parliament.

US officials refused to comment on what they described as an ongoing diplomatic process. Karzai provided few details regarding how and when the draft was finalized, but said there still remain "differences" between Washington and Kabul on the final contents of a deal.

Negotiations have been protracted and often acrimonious. In the end it took a surprise visit to Afghanistan in October by US Secretary of State John Kerry to produce the outlines of a deal. After a lengthy meeting with Karzai, the two announced that an agreement had been reached in principle on the major elements of the pact.

The sweeping document incorporates the usual Status of Forces Protection Agreement, which the United States signs with every country where its troops are stationed, along with a wide range of other clauses. It covers everything from customs duties on goods the US imports for its troops and development projects to the question of whether a US service member can be prosecuted for criminal offences in Afghanistan.

"Because this is an ongoing diplomatic discussion, we're declining to comment on the state of the text or the process that got us to this point," said Robert Hilton, US Embassy spokesman in Kabul.

"The draft is completed," said Karzai, adding however that "there are still a few special points still being discussed ... There are still some differences."

He refused to elaborate on the differences or whether they could be deal breakers with Washington.

But earlier, two senior US officials told the AP that Afghanistan had sought specific security guarantees, particularly against cross-border incursions by insurgents from neighboring Pakistan. Washington is cautious about any commitments that could lead to a conflict with Pakistan. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the issue.

Karzai described a laborious negotiation process that sometimes came down to fine details of phrasing.

"There was one word that we didn't want in the agreement but they (US) wanted and in the end they agreed to not use that word," he said, without identifying the offending word.

Karzai did not say what the draft said regarding US service members' immunity from prosecution. This key American demand has been a sore point in Afghanistan, where many are still angry over incidents including the February 2012 accidental burning of hundreds of copies of the Islamic holy book, the Quran, a March 2012 shooting spree by a US soldier in southern Afghanistan that killed 16 people, and unintended civilian deaths from US bombs.

The Loya Jirga, which is to begin on Thursday, will involve about 3,000 elders, clerics, parliamentarians and influential figures. The debate is expected to last several days and attendees are expected to be deeply divided over signing the pact.

"The Loya Jirga will bring together all the people, who agree and disagree about the Bilateral Security Agreement. We want them to talk about the agreement in a free and fair environment without any pressure on them," Karzai said urging only that the attendants read the agreement carefully and in detail. He asked that they study each clause before coming to the Jirga.

"They should think about the prosperity and stability of today and tomorrow in Afghanistan. And whatever decision they are making they should think about the future of Afghanistan," he said.

A majority negative vote from the Jirga will likely scuttle the agreement and leave Afghanistan without any US forces after the end of 2014. With the agreement, the residual force of about 10,000 that is expected to remain behind would mostly train and mentor Afghanistan's National Security Force. A small group of US Special Forces are also expected to stay in Afghanistan to hunt down al-Qaida and carry out counter-terrorism activities.