US cites national security in resumed weapons flow to Egypt

The decision means Egypt will remain the second-largest recipient of US foreign military financing worldwide.

President Obama on Tuesday released military aid to Egypt that was suspended after the 2013 overthrow of the government, in an effort to boost Cairo's ability to combat the extremist threat in the region.

The White House said Obama notified Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi in a phone call Tuesday that the United States would be sending 12 F-16 fighter jets, 20 missiles, and up to 125 tank kits, while continuing to request $1.3 billion in military assistance for Egypt. The White House said Egypt will remain the second-largest recipient of US foreign military financing worldwide.

The funds were suspended 21 months ago when Mr. el-Sissi, then military chief, overthrew Egypt's first democratically elected leader, Islamist President Mohammed Morsi. But Washington could not provide almost half of the annual aid package – along with assistance held up from previous years – until it certified advances by el-Sissi's government on democracy, human rights, and rule of law or issued a declaration that such aid is in the interests of US national security.

The US has been providing hundreds of millions in counterterrorism assistance to its ally, which didn't stall as a result of the government overthrow. Egypt has been arguing it needs the money to face growing threats from extremists creeping over the border from lawless Libya or operating in the Sinai Peninsula, and the US sees the funds as critical for stability in the volatile Middle East.

The aid comes as Egypt is trying to play a leading role in forming an Arab military alliance that can fight terrorism in the region. And it comes at a time when Arab nations have expressed concern about Washington's negotiations with Iran over its nuclear program, questioning whether the US is aligning itself with Tehran instead of its long-standing allies in the region, like Egypt.

White House spokeswoman Bernadette Meehan said the assistance will help address the growth of a group in Egypt, affiliated with Islamic State militants, that has attacked Egyptian soldiers and civilians.

The White House said it is not issuing a certification that Egypt has made progress toward democracy. Instead, the US said it is maintaining that the aid is in the interest of national security.

The White House said President Obama, during his call to el-Sissi, "explained that these and other steps will help refine our military assistance relationship so that it is better positioned to address the shared challenges to US and Egyptian interests in an unstable region, consistent with the longstanding strategic partnership between our two countries." The White House said Obama also reiterated US concerns about Egypt's continued imprisonment of activists and encouraged increased respect for freedom of speech and assembly.

"We will continue to engage with Egypt frankly and directly on its political trajectory and to raise human rights and political reform issues at the highest levels," Ms. Meehan said.