What are civil unions and why does the public support them more than it does gay marriage?
Civil unions are the legally recognized union of same-sex partners. Because the Defense of Marriage Act of 1996 prohibits same-sex couples from receiving federal benefits enjoyed by heterosexual couples, same-sex couples get only state rights, not federal. They are recognized only in states that have civil union laws.
The main reason the public is less supportive of gay marriage is that marriage is also a symbol that holds deep cultural meaning. The power of the symbol is as important to gay-rights activists as it is to those who think gays shouldn’t marry. That explains a 2009 Pew poll showing some 57 percent of Americans support civil unions and 37 percent oppose it, while only 39 percent support same-sex marriage, and 53 percent oppose it.