On March 23, 2008, North Korea test-launched a barrage of short-range missiles. "That move was prompted by the North's anger over South Korean statements that any expansion of the [joint industrial zone] project in the border city of Kaesong would only happen if the North resolved the international standoff over its nuclear weapons," the Associated Press reported.
The test fire was also seen as a response to the South Korean government's firm stance on relations with Pyongyang, with the South's newly instated conservative president, Lee Myung-bak, ending a decade of "Sunshine policy" engagement with the North.