Costa Concordia: Why navigation might 'fail' and other cruise ship questions

Many questions remain unanswered after Italian cruise ship, Costa Concordia, collided with rocks off the coast of Tuscany and capsized this week.

5. What are some lessons learned from recent ship disasters?

Gregorio Borgia/AP
Italian firefighters scuba divers approach the cruise ship Costa Concordia leaning on its side, the day after it ran aground off the tiny Tuscan island of Giglio, Italy, Sunday.

In 2007 another cruise ship ran aground off Santorini Island in the Greek isles. The vessel went close to the island’s picturesque cliffs to give the passengers a good view, but struck rocks and sank.
 
“Shoulda, coulda, woulda,” says Mr. Loh. “You go close but you don’t go too close."
 
Stopping a boat or quickly changing course to avoid an immediate collision threat is not a realistic maneuver for most cruise boats, says Mr. Loh. “You have to understand when you’re at sea and in a large vessel like this, the bridge is extremely high up in the air, and you can’t see the entire vessel or over the side of the vessel … and you can’t stop on a dime”
 
“In order for you to avoid [a collision] requires a lot of prior planning to figure out where you are at any particular time,” Loh says.  “If you’re really close [to land] you have to be in a position that no matter how much momentum you have at that time the forces of inertia could not possibly put you in a position to rub up against a large rock.
 
“Which means you have to be fairly far away to avoid [collision],” he says citing a full boat length, at least, from any known hazard.

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