Team USA’s swimming dominance continues. And so do its rivalries.

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Marko Djurica/Reuters
Katie Ledecky of Team USA swims during a preliminary heat of the women's 1,500 freestyle during the Olympics in Paris, July 30, 2024.
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The Olympics are fueled by excellence, sportsmanship, sacrifice – and rivalries. The first week in Paris has given the world an old classic and an emerging upstart.

The United States and Australia have been pushing each other in the pool for decades. Paris has not disappointed, with the two countries trading golds and signature moments. Creeping into the rivalry is China, with Olympic swimmers from other nations hoping that a recent history of doping in the program has been left behind.

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At the Paris Olympics, Team USA’s swimmers have racked up the medals, building on legendary successes. But athletes from Australia and China have made their own statements.

Regardless, Team USA has come into these Games prepared. “We’re very competitive people, and I think it brings it out a little bit,” says team member Abbey Weitzeil. 

But there’s another side. Katie Ledecky has learned lessons alongside her 11 Olympics medals (seven gold) since 2012. Foremost among them is that the Olympics are unique for the relationships built – even among rivals.  

“It brings athletes together from all over the world,” she said before the Games began. “You get to meet some phenomenal people and build friendships.”

Team USA swimming is not different from other high-profile Olympic team sports: Its dominance has helped push the world to get better. Names like Phelps, Ledecky, and Spitz point to America’s historic might.

As always, that dominance sets a high standard – and prompts the equivalent of a geopolitical battle for supremacy in the pool. This Olympics, that has been on full display, particularly among America; its traditional top rival, Australia; and relative newcomer China.

Former Australian swimmer Cate Campbell, who failed to qualify for the Paris Games, sparked the latest back-and-forth trash talk prior to the Olympics. She called swimmers from the United States sore losers and complained about having to listen to “The Star-Spangled Banner” every time the country wins gold.

Why We Wrote This

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At the Paris Olympics, Team USA’s swimmers have racked up the medals, building on legendary successes. But athletes from Australia and China have made their own statements.

In the pool, the rivalry hit a high point in these Olympics at the highly anticipated women’s 400 freestyle, where Australian Ariarne Titmus won and Katie Ledecky finished third. The same night, the U.S. took silver in the women’s 4x100 freestyle relay. Australia took gold, while China took bronze.

Matthias Schrader/AP
Gold medalist Mollie O'Callaghan (right) of Australia stands with silver medalist and compatriot Ariarne Titmus following the women's 200 freestyle final at the Summer Olympics, July 29, 2024.

There is a clear skepticism poolside when it comes to the Chinese swimmers. Twenty-three Chinese swimmers (including some who won gold in Tokyo) were found to have used performance-enhancing drugs. Eleven of those swimmers are competing in Paris.

“I hope that everyone here is going to be competing clean this week,” Ms. Ledecky said before competition began. “But what really matters also is, were they training clean?” 

Members of the U.S. team say they were prepared for the rivalries – new and old.

“There’s always the internal fire,” says team member Abbey Weitzeil. “We’re very competitive people, and I think it brings it out a little bit.” 

Matthias Schrader/AP
U.S. swimmer Torri Huske competes during a heat in the women's 100 butterfly at the Paris Games, July 27, 2024.

That competitive fire roared on swimming’s opening night, when Team USA kicked into a gear no other team could match halfway through the men’s 4x100 freestyle relay. Team USA’s first two swimmers, Jack Alexy and Chris Guiliano, stayed neck and neck with the competition. Then Hunter Armstrong jumped in the pool and pushed himself ahead of the field with arm pulls that looked like he had the power to move water from in front of him with the wave of a hand. Yet the crowd at Paris La Défense Arena reached its crescendo when Caeleb Dressel shot into the pool like a speedboat, chopping his way to the finish more than a second faster than silver medalist Australia. 

It was the third straight Olympics that the U.S. men had won this race, and the first American gold medal at these Games. Night 2 saw Americans Torri Huske and Gretchen Walsh win gold and silver with China’s Zhang Yufei taking bronze. On Night 3, the U.S. racked up four silver and bronze medals.

It would seem as if collecting shiny medals is Team USA’s raison d’être. Team members and coaches say pushing for excellence is the identity of the program. 

Evgenia Novozhenina/Reuters
U.S. men's 4x100 freestyle relay gold medalists (left to right) Chris Guiliano, Jack Alexy, Hunter Armstrong, and Caeleb Dressel celebrate on the podium in Paris, July 27, 2024.

Ms. Ledecky attests to that. She was 15 years old when she made her Olympic debut in 2012 and spent much of her first year with the team soaking up advice from the veterans. Twelve years later, she’s the veteran with 11 medals, including seven golds. Yet to come in this Olympics are the 800 and 1,500 freestyle, races she excels in. Yet while racking up medals, she hasn’t missed the chance to learn lessons along the way.

“Competing at this level has taught me a lot,” Ms. Ledecky recalled before the competition started.

“The biggest thing that I’m thankful for in the sport is the people that I get to share these experiences with and the friendships,” she says. 

And frankly, the rivalries are part of that catalog of Olympic memories and people.

“That’s what’s so special about the Olympics,” she adds, “how it brings athletes together from all over the world, all different sports, and you get to meet some phenomenal people and build friendships.”

How do athletes cope with the pressure of competition? Find out more: They stepped away for mental health. Their comebacks are powering the Olympics.

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